Appendicitis: inflammation of the vermiform appendix.

Appendicitis is an inflammation, if left untreated, can lead to abscesses, ileus, peritonitis, or death. Appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in the abdomen. The current standard of care for uncomplicated appendicitis is usually surgery, but there is growing evidence for the use of antibiotics. One of the common abdominal injuries that call for an appendectomy is appendicitis. Numerous frequent and uncommon aetiologies, such as infections and gastrointestinal disorders, are linked to it. It attaches a hollow organ in the upper part of the cecum, usually in the lower right part of the abdomen. However, they are located in almost any area of the abdomen, depending on whether they have abnormal developmental problems such as midgut malrotation or other special conditions such as pregnancy or previous abdominal surgery. The appendix develops embryonically at 5 weeks. There is a rotation of the midgut to the external umbilical cord and eventually back to the abdomen where the cecum rotates. This results in the normal retrocecal localization of the appendix. Often he has an acute onset, usually within 24 hours, but can present as a chronic illness. Symptoms may be duller if there was a perforation with a trapped abscess. The exact function of the appendix is subject to debate. Today, this organ is thought to have immune-protective functions, especially in young people, acting as a lymphoid organ. Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix that, if left untreated, can lead to abscesses, ileus, peritonitis, or death. Appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in the abdomen. The current standard of care for uncomplicated appendicitis is usually surgical removal of the appendix (appendectomy), but there is growing evidence for the use of antibiotics. Comparing these surgeries is difficult because the evidence comparing surgery and antibiotics is weak and confounded by factors such as measurement results and discrepancies with results. Appendectomy may be associated with a reduction in overall treatment failure in the management of adults with acute appendicitis, but compared with antibiotics. It may also be associated with complications and increased sick leave. Diagnosis of appendicitis is primarily clinical. Most patients present with typical history and physical examination findings. The cause of acute appendicitis is unknown but is probably multifactorial. Lumen obstruction, dietary and family factors have all been suggested. Appendectomy is the treatment of choice and is increasingly performed laparoscopically. This provides an overview of the symptoms, investigations, treatments, and complications of acute appendicitis and appendectomy.

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Case reports in surgery and invasive procedures